SHAPE-SHIFTING • STRETCHABLE

Bend, stretch, fold

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Serpentine bridges Wavy, horseshoe-shaped connections unfold when stretched, so the stiff conductor barely strains

Buckled films Electrodes bonded to a pre-stretched elastomer wrinkle when released, then flatten on stretch

Origami / kirigami Fold and cut patterns let a sheet expand, bend, or collapse compactly

SHAPE-SHIFTING • MADE DIFFERENTLY

Printed, see-through, and lattice

Screen or inkjet printing of electrodes onto paper or plastic, even roll to roll

Ultrathin films or sparse meshes let light through, at the cost of less stored charge

Designed open channels give ions fast routes through thick electrodes

The manufacturing method becomes part of the geometry: what you can print decides what you can shape.

SHAPE-SHIFTING • MULTIFUNCTIONAL

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A carbon-fiber composite that carries mechanical load and stores energy, so a panel can double as a power source.

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Soft, thin devices that conform to tissue; researchers also explore biodegradable ones that dissolve when their job is done.

Here the shape is set by the host: the aircraft skin or the organ surface.

UNIT 17 STUDY COMPLETE

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You've covered stretchable, origami, printed, transparent, structural, and implantable forms.